Fulcat is the trade name for a series of catalysts based on montmorillonite
clay. Natural montmorillonites have intrinsic catalytic activity and this can be
greatly enhanced by acid activation to convert them into useful catalysts.
Treatment of natural montmorillonites with strong mineral acids causes
chemical attack of the clay layer structure. This facilitates the development of
significant surface area and pore volume as well as with catalytically active
acid sites of both Brönsted and Lewis types. These products are suitable for duties wherever acid catalysis plays a role.

These reactions include but are not limited to:

• Alkylation
  
• Acylation
  
• Esterification
  
• Etherification
  
• Polymerization
  
• Dehydration
  
• Isomerization